| ▴ Proto-Turkic | ▴ Altaic etymology | ▴ Meaning | ▴ Russian meaning | ▴ Old Turkic | ▴ Karakhanid | ▴ Turkish | ▴ Tatar | ▴ Middle Turkic | ▴ Uzbek | ▴ Uighur | ▴ Sary-Yughur | ▴ Azerbaidzhan | ▴ Turkmen | ▴ Khakassian | ▴ Shor | ▴ Oyrat | ▴ Halaj | ▴ Chuvash | ▴ Yakut | ▴ Dolgan | ▴ Tuva | ▴ Tofalar | ▴ Kirghiz | ▴ Kazakh | ▴ Noghai | ▴ Bashkir | ▴ Balkar | ▴ Gagauz | ▴ Karaim | ▴ Karakalpak | ▴ Salar | ▴ Kumyk | ▴ Comments |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"*e>.dn|e-r | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"saddle | face="Times New Roman Star"седло |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ed|er (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"eyer | face="Times New Roman Star"ije|r | face="Times New Roman Star"e.ger | face="Times New Roman Star"egar | face="Times New Roman Star"eg@(r) | face="Times New Roman Star"ezer | face="Times New Roman Star"ja"ha"r | face="Times New Roman Star"ejer | face="Times New Roman Star"izer | face="Times New Roman Star"ezer | face="Times New Roman Star"e:r |
| face="Times New Roman Star"j@ner | face="Times New Roman Star"yn|y:r | face="Times New Roman Star"yn|y:r | face="Times New Roman Star"ezer | face="Times New Roman Star"e'zer (Рас. ФиЛ 183) | face="Times New Roman Star"e:r | face="Times New Roman Star"er | face="Times New Roman Star"ijer | face="Times New Roman Star"eja"r | face="Times New Roman Star"ijer | face="Times New Roman Star"je:r | face="Times New Roman Star"jer | face="Times New Roman Star"jer | face="Times New Roman Star"en|er (Kakuk) | face="Times New Roman Star"er | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 63, VEWT 36, ЭСТЯ 1, 241-242, 658-659, Лексика 539, Stachowski 261. Reflexes of the cluster are complicated by borrowings: e.g. Tuva, Tof. is < Khak. Turk. *edn|er-c?ak 'pack saddle' > MMong. in|g|irc?aq, WMong. jan|g|irc?aq id. (TMN 2, 128-129, Щербак 1997, 164, Аникин 88). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*um-, *um-sa- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to hope for 2 to envy 3 an object of hope, desire; hope | face="Times New Roman Star"1 надеяться 2 завидовать 3 объект надежды, желания; надежда | face="Times New Roman Star"umug| 3 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"um- 1, umdu 3 (MK, KB), umdu-c?y 'beggar' (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"um- 1, umsan- 1, umu 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"omty-l- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"um-unc? 3 (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"um- 1 (dial. Khorazm.), umsun- 'to experience a flow of milk in one's breast and a desire to feed a baby' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"um- 1, umsun- 'to be disappointed', umaz?|aG 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ymtyl- 'to wait for food' | face="Times New Roman Star"umzan- 1 (Верб.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"umzan- 'to go in a direction', umza- 'to make smb. to go in a direction' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ъw|mza- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"umsu-gu-j- 'to become keen on, addicted', umnahyt (*umdac?yt) 'beggar' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"umu- 1, umsun- 1, umtul- 'to strive' | face="Times New Roman Star"umty- 'to dart, lunge' | face="Times New Roman Star"ymty- 'to dart, lunge' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"um- 1, | face="Times New Roman Star"um- 1, umsun- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"umyt-, ymtyl- 'to strive' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 155-156, 157, 158; VEWT 513, ЭСТЯ 1, 595-596. Some derivatives tend to merge with Pers. umi:d 'hope' (whence certainly Turkm. umy:t, Gag., Karaim, Kum. umut id.) Not quite clear is the relation of this root to the verb ynty- 'to yearn', Chuv. ъnDъ- (ЭСТЯ I 653-654). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*(i)am- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 now 2 recent | face="Times New Roman Star"1 сейчас 2 недавний | face="Times New Roman Star"am-ty 1 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"am-dy 1 (MK, KB) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"am-g|o, am-do"-ko 2 (ЯЖУ 15) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"am 1, am-dy-g|y, am-g|y 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"am, amdy 1, amdyg|y 2, am-oq 'at once' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"any ( < *am-dy) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"any 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"am 1, amg|y 2, amdy: (< amdyg|y) 'the same' | face="Times New Roman Star"am, amdy /, amg|y: 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 18, 41, EDT 156-157, ЭСТЯ I 357, Stachowski 34, Лексика 83 (with some confusion of *am- and *em- q. v. sub *i\me/). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*en| | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"very | face="Times New Roman Star"очень | face="Times New Roman Star"en| (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"en| (KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"en | face="Times New Roman Star"in| |
| face="Times New Roman Star"en| | face="Times New Roman Star"a"n| | face="Times New Roman Star"jen| | face="Times New Roman Star"a"n | face="Times New Roman Star"in| | face="Times New Roman Star"in|, dial. nin| | face="Times New Roman Star"en| | face="Times New Roman Star"en| |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"en|in 'diverse, various' | face="Times New Roman Star"en|in-en|in 'diverse' | face="Times New Roman Star"en| |
| face="Times New Roman Star"en| | face="Times New Roman Star"en| | face="Times New Roman Star"en| | face="Times New Roman Star"in| | face="Times New Roman Star"en| | face="Times New Roman Star"hen| | face="Times New Roman Star"en|k | face="Times New Roman Star"en| |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 45, EDT 166, ЭСТЯ 1, 365-366, Stachowski 43. Turk. > Mong. en|, see TMN 2, 130. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*an|- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to be wide open 2 to be perplexed, astonished 3 wide open 4 fool, simpleton 5 obtuse, stupid 6 astonished 7 to have one's mouth opened 8 to be drowsy, faint 9 to look at with surprise 10 to gape | face="Times New Roman Star"1 быть широко открытым 2 быть удивленным, опешить 3 широко открытый 4 дурак, простак 5 бестолковый 6 удивленный 7 разинуть рот 8 быть сонным, вялым 9 смотреть с удивлением 10 зиять |
| face="Times New Roman Star"an|yl ac?uq 3 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) anuk, an|yz 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"an|g|y-min|ge bul- 3; (dial.) an|g|yl 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch.) ang|y 6 (AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"an|raj- 2, 7 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"an|al- 2, an|qar- 2, 7 | face="Times New Roman Star"an|aj- 'to miss', an|maj- 2, 7, an|max 'standing with one's mouth open' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"an|ar- 8 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"an|g|ada- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"an|qaj-, an|g|ar- 1, 9 (< Mong.?), an|qo: 4, an|yr- 2, an|yraj- 10 | face="Times New Roman Star"an|tar-, an|yr- 2, an|qaw 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"an|qy-tin|ke 'daffy', an|ra 4, an|s?aj- 7 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"an|qaw 4 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 184, ЭСТЯ 1, 155, 156-157. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*A>n|(k)yt | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"wild duck | face="Times New Roman Star"дикая утка | face="Times New Roman Star"an|yt (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"an|yt (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"angut 'огарь', ankyt (dial.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"anqud (Sngl) | face="Times New Roman Star"ang|irt 'red duck' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"an|yt | face="Times New Roman Star"anGut-boGaz 'длинношеий' | face="Times New Roman Star"an|k 'red duck' | face="Times New Roman Star"a:t |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"anqyt, ankit 'ostrich, vulture, dragon' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"han|qut | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 21, Лексика 172. Doerfer's (TMN 2, 129) PT *an|gyrt is a quite artificial construct: it is based on occasional modern forms (like Uzb. an|g|irt) which reflect a contamination of *an|yt and the borrowed Mong. an|g|yr (with the influence of an|gyrt 'careless'). All old sources (see EDT 176) reflect only *an|yt. (Yak. n/ynta:la 'горбоносый турпан' (Пек.), despite VEWT, < Evk. niltalbuki 'a black duck with white head, from nilta- 'to loose hair', lit. 'bald bird' ТМС I 593; anny, andy < TM *andi; ann/a, ann/aryjar dial. 'a k. of sea bird, морянка' (ДСЯЯ 48) < Mong. an|gir). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*An|dur/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 a medicinal shrub, elecampane 2 cypress, juniper 3 shrub, bush | face="Times New Roman Star"1 род лекарственного растения, девясил 2 кипарис, можжевельник 3 кустарник |
| face="Times New Roman Star"an|duz 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"andyz 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"andyz 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"anduz 1 (Sngl) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"andyz 'переступень двудомный'; an|n|yza 'a k. of mountain plant' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"qar-andyz, qaryndiz, antyz (South dial.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"andyz, andz?y 'аир' | face="Times New Roman Star"andyz 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"andyd| 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"andyz 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"andyz 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 21, EDT 178, ЭСТЯ 1, 150-151. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*o"n| | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"desolate, uninhabited | face="Times New Roman Star"пустынный, необитаемый | face="Times New Roman Star"o"n| (Orkh., OUygh.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"on|c?e| 'одинокий, уединенный' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 168. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*A>n| | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"wild game | face="Times New Roman Star"дикий зверь | face="Times New Roman Star"an| (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"an|-dy- 'to hunt', an|c?y 'hunter' (MK) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"an| 'elk, dear' (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"an| | face="Times New Roman Star"an| 'hunting' (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"an| |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"an|ta- 'to chase' | face="Times New Roman Star"an| | face="Times New Roman Star"an| 'sable' | face="Times New Roman Star"an| |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"yn| 'fence for wild reindeer' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"an| | face="Times New Roman Star"an| | face="Times New Roman Star"an| | face="Times New Roman Star"an| | face="Times New Roman Star"an| | face="Times New Roman Star"an|dy- 'to track, waylay' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"an| | face="Times New Roman Star"an| |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"Лексика 152, 417, EDT 166. Shor an|nyg|, Khak. ag|nyx| 'net for catching sables' is a contamination of this root and *ag 'net'. Turk. > Mong. an| id., see Clark 1977, 128-129. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*obu-ra- / *obu-n- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to wear out (intr.), decay 2 to cease, stop 3 to tire 4 to be destroyed | face="Times New Roman Star"1 изнашиваться, стареть 2 прекращаться 3 уставать 4 развалиться, разрушиться |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"uwa-l-, wa-l- 1, 3, 4 (dial., ТТДС 112, 451) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u:ra- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u:ra- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"yvъn- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"u:raj- 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ura- 4 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 356, 515. Kalm. o:r- 'to fall apart, become spoiled' may be < Turkic, but the immediate source is unclear (Tat.?). The Chuv. form may be a dialectal variant of ylъn-, see Егоров 342, Федотов 2, 468. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Abuc?-ka | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 husband, old man 2 foster-mother 3 elder sister 4 uncle | face="Times New Roman Star"1 муж, старик 2 кормилица 3 старшая сестра 4 дядя | face="Times New Roman Star"avyc?g|a, abuc?g|a 1, abuc?qa 2 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"avyc?g|a 1 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"abus? 3 dial. | face="Times New Roman Star"abus?qa, awucqa 1 dial. (Sib.) | face="Times New Roman Star"abus?qa, avus?qa 4 (Abush., Sangl.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"apsax, apc?ax, Koib. abysqa 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"aps?yj 1, aps?aq 'bear' | face="Times New Roman Star"aps?yjaq 1; 'bear' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"obas?ka |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"as?aq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"as?yn/aq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"abys?qa 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"abys?qa 1 dial. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"abys?qa 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 1, 60-61, EDT 6, Егоров 274-275, Федотов II 282, Аникин 72. Chuv. is not quite regular and may be an early loanword from Tat. Formally the Turk. word may be derived from *aba 'elder in the mother's line' (+ dimin. -c?). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*a.buc? | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"handful | face="Times New Roman Star"пригоршня |
| face="Times New Roman Star"avut (MK), avut-c?a, avuc?-c?a (KB), avuc? (Tefs.) | face="Times New Roman Star"avuc? | face="Times New Roman Star"uc? | face="Times New Roman Star"avuc? (MA, Sangl., Бор. Бад.) | face="Times New Roman Star"xo|wuc? | face="Times New Roman Star"oc? | face="Times New Roman Star"os? | face="Times New Roman Star"ovuc? | face="Times New Roman Star"ovuc?, jan-avuc? | face="Times New Roman Star"o:s | face="Times New Roman Star"os? | face="Times New Roman Star"u:s? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"yvъs/ |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"u:c? | face="Times New Roman Star"uwys | face="Times New Roman Star"uvys | face="Times New Roman Star"us | face="Times New Roman Star"uwuc? | face="Times New Roman Star"auc? | face="Times New Roman Star"avuc?, uvuc?, uvuc | face="Times New Roman Star"uwys | face="Times New Roman Star"uz?| | face="Times New Roman Star"uvuc? | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 44, VEWT 3, ЭСТЯ 1, 409-410, Егоров 342, Дыбо 179-181, Лексика 25-253. Turk. > MMong. a'uc? id. (Щербак 1997, 103). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*a>rka | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"back | face="Times New Roman Star"спина, задняя сторона | face="Times New Roman Star"arqa (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"arqa (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"arka | face="Times New Roman Star"arqa | face="Times New Roman Star"arqa (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o|rqa | face="Times New Roman Star"a(r)qa | face="Times New Roman Star"arqa, harqa | face="Times New Roman Star"arxa | face="Times New Roman Star"arqa | face="Times New Roman Star"arg|a | face="Times New Roman Star"arg|a | face="Times New Roman Star"arqa | face="Times New Roman Star"arqа (arxa < Az.) | face="Times New Roman Star"org|a-lъx 'saddle strips' | face="Times New Roman Star"arg|a:, arg|a-s | face="Times New Roman Star"arga-la:- 'to turn one's back towards smb.' | face="Times New Roman Star"a'rg|a 'mountain forest' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"arqa | face="Times New Roman Star"arqa | face="Times New Roman Star"arqa | face="Times New Roman Star"arqa | face="Times New Roman Star"arqa | face="Times New Roman Star"arqa | face="Times New Roman Star"arqa, arxa | face="Times New Roman Star"arqa | face="Times New Roman Star"arx|a, arGa (ССЯ 292, 293) | face="Times New Roman Star"arqa 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 200-201, 215, VEWT 26-27, ЭСТЯ 1, 174-175, 179-180, Лексика 267-268, Федотов 2, 288, Stachowski 36. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ar/yg | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"fang | face="Times New Roman Star"клык | face="Times New Roman Star"azyg| (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"azyg| (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"azy | face="Times New Roman Star"azaw | face="Times New Roman Star"azu (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o|ziq |
| face="Times New Roman Star"azyg| | face="Times New Roman Star"azy | face="Times New Roman Star"azy | face="Times New Roman Star"azyg| | face="Times New Roman Star"azyj | face="Times New Roman Star"azu, azu: |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ora > Mari ora-puj 'id.' | face="Times New Roman Star"ahy:, dial. yhy: |
| face="Times New Roman Star"azyg| | face="Times New Roman Star"azyg| | face="Times New Roman Star"azu: | face="Times New Roman Star"azuw |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ad|aw | face="Times New Roman Star"azaw |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"azuw |
| face="Times New Roman Star"azuw | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 33, ЭСТЯ 1, 96-98, Лексика 229. Turk. > Mong. *az?|ug| (ac?ug| in Uygh. script, see Clark 1980, 41). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*arpa | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"barley | face="Times New Roman Star"ячмень | face="Times New Roman Star"arpa (OUygh.), abra (late OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"arpa (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"arpa | face="Times New Roman Star"arpa | face="Times New Roman Star"arpa (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"arpa | face="Times New Roman Star"a(r)pa |
| face="Times New Roman Star"arpa | face="Times New Roman Star"arpa | face="Times New Roman Star"arba |
| face="Times New Roman Star"arba | face="Times New Roman Star"arpa | face="Times New Roman Star"orba |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"arpa | face="Times New Roman Star"arpa | face="Times New Roman Star"arpa | face="Times New Roman Star"arpa | face="Times New Roman Star"arpa | face="Times New Roman Star"arpa | face="Times New Roman Star"arpa | face="Times New Roman Star"arpa | face="Times New Roman Star"arfa (ССЯ 292) | face="Times New Roman Star"arpa | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 198, VEWT 27, ЭСТЯ 1, 176-177, TMN 2, 24, Лексика 460, Егоров 27, Федотов 2, 286. Turk. > Hung. a/rpa, see Gombocz 1912. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Ar- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"gift | face="Times New Roman Star"дар |
| face="Times New Roman Star"armag|an (MK, Oghuz) | face="Times New Roman Star"armag|an |
| face="Times New Roman Star"armag|an |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"armag|an |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"arna- 'to dedicate, design for' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 231, 232, VEWT 27. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ar- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to make magic, cast spells 2 to deceive | face="Times New Roman Star"1 колдовать, заклинать 2 обманывать | face="Times New Roman Star"ar- 2 (Orkh., OUygh.), arvys? 'magic' (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ar- 1 (MK, KB), arva- 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"arpag| 'magic' (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"arby- 1 (Sib., КСТТ 103) | face="Times New Roman Star"arba- 1 (Sangl., Бад.) | face="Times New Roman Star"avra- 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"a(r)ba- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"arva- 1 (ЯЖУ 16) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"arvax dial. 'evil spirit' | face="Times New Roman Star"arba- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"arba- 1, arbys? 'magic' | face="Times New Roman Star"arba-n- 'to scold' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"arba:- 1 (Пек. I 139 'to praise for magic purposes') |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"arba- 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"arba- 1, 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"arba- 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"arba- 1, 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 193, 199, VEWT 24, ЭСТЯ I 168-170. Turk. > MMong. arba- 'to put spells' (SH 8); Turk. arbys? > Mong. arbis 'knowledge' (Clark 1980, 41). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ysyg / *isig | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 hot 2 warm | face="Times New Roman Star"1 горячий 2 теплый | face="Times New Roman Star"isig 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"isig 1 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"syz?|ak 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"esse 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"isti 2 (Pav. C.), ysyg| (Бор. Бад., Abush.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"issiq 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"isti 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"yssy 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"@z@g 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"izu" 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"hissi:., hisk 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ъw|z?ъw| 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"iti:, ic?iges ( < *isi-gec?) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"iti:, ic?iges 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"izig| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"i'sig| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ysyq 1, ysy 'heat, hot wind' | face="Times New Roman Star"yssy 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"issi 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"issi 1, 2 (HK), syz?|aq 2 (K), ysy-t- (K) 'to warm' | face="Times New Roman Star"yssy 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"hyssy 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"Derived from *ysy- / *isi- 'to be hot'. See VEWT 173-4, TMN 2,182, EDT 246, ЭСТЯ 1, 668-671, Лексика 19-20, Stachowski 123, 130. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*a>c?aj / *e>c?ej | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 old man or woman 2 mother 3 grandmother 4 sister (of woman) 5 mother (if the grandmother is still alive) 5 mother (addr. to an elder woman) 6 aunt, sister of father 7 elder brother 8 uncle 9 ancestor 10 Father! (to the God) 11 old man, elder man 12 husband 13 younger brother of father's father 14 grandfather 15 father | face="Times New Roman Star"1 старый мужчина или женщина 2 мать 3 бабушка 4 сестра (женщины) 5 мать (при живой бабушке) 5 мать (обр. к пожилой женщине) 6 тетя, сестра отца 7 старший брат 8 дядя 9 предок 10 Отче! (обр. к Богу) 11 старик, пожилой человек 12 муж 13 младший брат деда 14 дед 15 отец | face="Times New Roman Star"ec?i 7, 8 (Orkh.), ec?u" 9 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ec?i 1 (MK), ec?u" 10 (KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"az?|u (dial.), ez?|e 11 | face="Times New Roman Star"az?|a, az?|i, e|z?|i 5 (dial., ТТДС 22, 551), azyj, e|zi 11, 15 (dial., ТТДС 23, 540) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"o|c?a, ac?a 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ac?a 6 | face="Times New Roman Star"ac?y 4, ac?a 12, 15 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"az?|a 7, 8 | face="Times New Roman Star"ac?a 7, 8 | face="Times New Roman Star"Leb. az?|y, az?|a 7, ac?a 13 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"az/a 15 | face="Times New Roman Star"ehe 14 | face="Times New Roman Star"ehe 14 | face="Times New Roman Star"ac?a 15 | face="Times New Roman Star"as?'a, az?|a 7, 15 | face="Times New Roman Star"ac?aj 5, az?|a 11 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"a"sa" 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"az?|aj 5, ec?iw 6 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 35, ЭСТЯ 1, 231-235, TMN 2, 15, Егоров 35, Лексика 299, Clark 1977, 128, Stachowski 43. Shortness is suggested by pharyngealization in Tofalar, so the variants with -z?|- are probably due to expressive gemination (*ac?c?V / *ec?c?V). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*a>t | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"horse | face="Times New Roman Star"лошадь | face="Times New Roman Star"at (Orkh., Yen., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"at (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"o|t | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"a't | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"hat | face="Times New Roman Star"ut | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"a't |
| face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"at, ac | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 23, VEWT 30, ЭСТЯ 1, 197-198, TMN 2, 4-5, Лексика 441, Ашм. III, 316-320, Stachowski 38. |
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,tur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